I-E05: An IMF study links higher tariffs to less output over time. It also finds less output per unit of work. The study covers 151 countries.

What this covers

Place: 151 countries
Time covered: Data from 1963 to 2014; paper published 2019

It spans many places and years. It does not price Canada’s current trade walls. The authors test several methods. One study cannot settle every case.

IMF Working Paper 2019/009 · 2019-01-15

Where to look: Abstract; annual panel of 151 countries, 1963–2014

No fact has changed in this version. If we fix a claim, we will add the date and explain the change here and in our list of fixes.